microRNAs (miRNA) are small regulatory RNAs exerting\npleiotropic functions in virtually any immune cell-type.\nDozens of miRNAs with a known function in the immune\nsystem constitute interesting drug targets for\nimmunomodulation. Chemical modifications of nucleic acidbased\nmiRNA mimics and inhibitors largely solved instability\nissues but delivery to immune cells remains a major\nchallenge. However, recent success targeting the acidic\ntumor microenvironment is very promising for inflammatory\ndiseases. Moreover, small molecules are being explored as\nan interesting alternative. Although RNA is often considered\nââ?¬Ë?undruggableââ?¬â?¢ by small molecules recent progress\nmodulating miRNA function through small molecules is\nencouraging. Computational approaches even allow\npredictions about specific small molecule/RNA interactions.\nFinally, recent clinical success demonstrates that drugs\ntargeting RNAs work in humans.
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